Psychological Literature On Personality And Character...

The first American review of psychological literature on personality and character cited numerous sources that involved trait concepts. Notably, the article written in 1921 was by prominent personality psychologist, Gordon Allport (Barenbaum Winter 2008, p. 3). According to Allport, â€Å"a trait is a neuropsychic structure having the capacity to render many stimuli functionally equivalent, and to initiate and guide equivalent (meaningfully consistent) forms of adaptive and expressive behaviour† (Ewen 2013, p. 113). Current trait theory is influenced by prominent theorists, Gordon Allport, Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck, who made important contributions to the study and understanding of personality traits (Barenbaum Winter 2008, p. 12). Drawing from previous theories, Paul Costa and Robert McCrae developed the widely accepted Five Factor Theory (FFT) that features five broad personality traits: openness, consciousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism (Ewen 201 3, p. 140; John, Naumann Soto 2008, p. 120). Of the basic five factors used in this model, neuroticism is the most recognised for its link to negative affect and the least recognised for positive affect. Furthermore, numerous studies have identified a significant link between negative mental health outcomes and high levels of neuroticism (Lahey 2009, pp. 241-242). This essay will discuss the trait theory of personality and the outcomes for people who strongly exhibit neuroticism. 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