How to write an essay proposal: October 2019

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Judaism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Judaism - Assignment Example The American society is also identified to develop trust as well as faith based on Orthodoxy Judaism (Albanese 42-60). Reform Judaism signifies the Jewish movements were about beliefs and practices for modernising the Jewish tradition. Reform Jewish believed that revelation is a continuous process and Torah is a human document, which safeguarded culture, history and legends of Jewish. It is valuable for developing the principle moral, ethnic and ethical insights. Reform Judaism assisted in modernising the American society. Reform Judaism possessed various views about God with high latitude for naturalists, religious humanists, mystics or supernaturalisms (Albanese 42-60). On the other hand, Conservative Judaism signifies that God is flexible and non-dogmatic. Conservative Judaism is less atheism as compared to Reform Judaism. Conservative Judaism recognised Torah and Talmud heavenly origin. Conservative Judaism held similar views as Reform Judaism but maintained a special Jewish identity and developing American society. Judaism had a rich history and shaped various western countries like America. Judaism aided in developing the American law, culture, tradition and different values for building the American community. Jews is now identified as a special group of individual rather than a different ethnicity group in the country. Although, they came from the Middle East countries but at present, they are mixed with other communities in America. Respectively, Judaism aided in modernising the American society and life (Albanese

Monday, October 28, 2019

My Science Fair Project Essay Example for Free

My Science Fair Project Essay My science fair project is about the sound transmission through different veneers. A veneer is the outer part of the house. It can also be called a siding. The veneers I used were brick, cement fiber, and vinyl. I used these because they were three very common veneers. I thought if I used common veneers it would make the project mean more because people can see sound transmission through common sidings. The way I built the cement fiber and vinyl siding boxes was, I cut plywood sides. After I cut the sides I nailed them together to make a box. After I made the box I wrapped the houses in house wrap. House wrap is used as a moisture barrier. My purpose for the house wrap is not to stop water from coming in, but, I used it because most houses use it. After I wrapped the houses I nailed the siding on. I then used wood putty to fill the holes. The brick box was a different procedure. After I wrapped the brick box I had to build a platform then I had to lay the brick with mortar. I had to attach the brick to the plywood with the wall ties. I tested my buildings by putting a transistor radio into the plywood box. After I put it in the box I turned it on at a low level, I then put the lid on the box and I used my sound level meter. This meter measures the amount of decibels coming out of the house. A decibel is a unit of measurement for sound. I also did the same thing on a loud and a medium sound level. I did this with all of the boxes. The brick box produced an average of 10.33 decibels at a (80) 43 decibel volume, an average of 13 decibels at a (90) 53 decibel volume, and an average of 19.66 at a (100) 63 decibel volume with a total average of 14.33 decibels. The cement fiber box produced an average of 19 decibels at a (80) 43 decibel volume, an average of 22 decibels at a (90) 53 decibel volume and an average of 30 decibels at a (100) 63 decibel volume. The Vinyl box produced an average of 27 decibels at a (80) 43 decibel volume, an average of 26.66 decibels at a (90) 53 decibel volume and an average of 33 decibels in a (100) decibel volume. My results of my project proved my hypothesis of brick producing the least amount of sound transmission.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

The Grapes of Wrath Analysis

The Grapes of Wrath Analysis The Grapes of Wrath, describes the difficulty of migrant labors during the Great Depression. Written by, John Steinbeck, this novel went on to receive many awards. Generally viewed as Steinbecks best and most striving novel, The Grapes of Wrath was published in 1939. Stating the story of an expelled Oklahoma family and their fight to form a reestablished life in California at the peak of the Great Depression, the book captures the sorrow and anguish of the land throughout this time-period. The bank forecloses on the Joads land, so they decide to move west in search of new jobs. Though the Joads travel west in expectations of creating a restored life, the American Dream avoids them, their journey to California proves to be sorrowful and disappointing. Though they find some comfort in a camp and eventually get jobs, the life they dream of has only slipped further away. The parallels between John Steinbecks life and the narrative story he carved are apparent and distinct. Steinbeck used imagery to paint a picture of current world situations that were going on in his life during the 1930s. His goal in writing this novel was to paint a picture and make his readers experience the life of the Dust Bowl immigrants. Though not a Dust Bowl immigrant himself, he spent a lot of time with them and got to know their anguish well. From the first chapters, to the unforgettable ending, The Grapes of Wrath remains a debated work in critical discussions, with themes and a setting that are uniquely American Beginning to write the novel in the mid to late 1930s, Steinbeck was surrounded by poverty, and hardship, and as are the Joads in the novel. Steinbeck modeled the setting to represent how things really were for migrant workers during this period. The Grapes of Wrath takes place during the Dust Bowl era of the 1930s. After being released from jail, protagonist, Tom Joad, quickly realizes that his familys farm has been repossessed by the bank. Tom finds the family at Uncle Johns home as they get ready for a long journey to California in search of work, a journey numerous desperate families are also taking. Route 66 provides the transportation by which the migrants will arrive to California. It is the path of a people in flight, refugees from dust and shrinking land, from the thunder of tractors and shrinking ownership,. from the floods that bring no richness to the land and steal what little richness is there (Steinbeck 118).In California, there was a Hooverville on the edge of every t own, where migrant individuals camp all together and care for one another (Steinbeck 234). The Joads experience the surroundings of a Hooverville when they cross the desert into California, There was no order in the camp; little gray tents, shacks, cars were scattered about at random (241). Steinbeck was inspired to write the novel after researching and producing a series of articles for the San Francisco News about migrant workers in California (Conder 248). Throughout the 1930s, due to drought and years of agriculture without crop rotation or other destruction prevention, severe dust storms blew away the lives of many in many areas of the central plains, which developed into what is known as the, Dust Bowl. Tied with the economic catastrophe of the Great Depression, this crisis forced thousands of people, many of them agriculturalists, off their property, wandering from place to place in hunt of work to survive. Several of these people, attracted by promises of opportunity, moved to California. Although they were from several states, the term Okie coined for a native of Oklahoma, one of the hardest-hit areas was attached to the waves of families desperately heading West, their few remaining possessions piled high on old, barely operating vehicles. Those who made it to California found little work, poor living conditions, a great deal of resentment and prejudice, and even violence directed against them.(The Grapes of Wrath) John Steinbeck formed a fictional plot using current realities of the Dust Bowl. The exposition begins when Tom gets out of jail for good behavior and he realizes that everything he left was now different and his family is absent as well. The conflict arises when, Tom is out on parole, and he strictly cannot leave Oklahoma. However, his family is planning to move to California, where a government program offers a beautiful future for emigrant sharecroppers. The entire family and Casy, a longtime family friend, fit into a small truck to travel across the country. The rising action occurs when, the Joads set off for California, where many others are migrating west. As the Joads drive on, they begin to hear rumors that there arent enough jobs in California. The climax is revealed when they arrive in California. As they go from place to place, searching for work, Casy, former reverend and current friend of Toms, leads a strike against the owners of Weedpatch, which in conclusion costs hi m his life. Tom spurs to lead the people, but the Joads must leave again when Tom thoughtlessly kills the corrupt policeman who murdered Casy. The falling action is seen when the Joads move onto a cotton-picking field where Tom hides out until his wounds are healed from the conflict. The resolution occurs when the Joads come to a farm where they find a barn. Inside the barn, they find a young boy and a man. They are sick from starving, and the man is not able to eat solid foods anymore without getting ill. Rose of Sharon gives the fading man her breast, which has milk from her recent birth, and comforts him with a blanket. They are all strangely at peace. The push for writing The Grapes of Wrath came out of John Steinbecks involvement of studying and publishing Harvest Gypsies, a seven-part San Francisco News series about the plight of agricultural migrant workers in California (Steinbecks Use). While leading that research, Steinbeck met and traveled with a man named Tom Collins, the manager of the Arvin Migrant Camp (informally known as Weedpatch Camp) (Steinbecks Use). The relationship Steinbeck formed with Collins grew between 1936 and 1938, when the two began traveling over the San Joaquin valley to gather information and offer aid to migrant families in crisis. He wrote about the Okie exodus by the seat of his pants, as it happened (OConnell 60). The Associated Farmers of California terminated the book as a pack of lies and communist propaganda' (The Grapes of Wrath). Steinbeck was put under surveillance of the FBI and received many death threats. The book was banned in many libraries and copies were burned in towns across The Un ited States (Conder 248). Steinbecks speech, is found in Tom Joad, the novels protagonist. ( McCarthy) Tom Joad is the novels protagonist .Joad is first seen coming home to Oklahoma after jail time for killing a man in a brawl, only to find an overcome land with local farms being repossessed by the banks. Tom and his family begin on their trek to California over highway 66. Tom Joad, Steinbecks figure of smoldering witness, the passive observer turned violent activist and communitarian conscience, has been grabbed by figures right and left to stand for something, represent something, or, in recent vintage, to represent nothing at all, rendered void of the political meaning deliberately invested in him by John Steinbeck (and others) (Simon and Deverell 181). Through Tom Joad, Steinbeck builds anger and a sense of injustice over the migrants misery. (McCarthy) Rose of Sharon is always watching out for the greatest interests of her unborn child and its seems to symbolize motherly instinct and protection. Steinbeck departs from strictly Biblical imagery in portraying Rose of Sharon as an earth mother. (Rombold 161). Her natural protective nature over her baby, makes it even more heartrending when it is delivered as a stillborn. By letting the stillborn child go upon the waters in its apple box, Uncle John inverts the story of baby Moses let go in a basket upon the Nile (Rombold 160). The symbolism of the earth mother is also a strong context within which to understand the final scene (Rombold 162). Steinbeck ends the novel by having Rose of Sharon nurse a dying man from her breast. Rose of Sharon loosened one side of the blanket and bared her breast. She looked up and across the barn, and her lips came together and smiled mysteriously (Steinbeck 455). A symbol of hope is understood through Rose of Sharons fostering actions in reviving the s tarving man. By ending the novel this way, Steinbeck continues his literary references to the Bible as it provides symbolic resurrection of humanity and steps towards societies regrowth ( Taliawaite). Jim Casy is an ex-preacher who knew the Joads as far back as Toms childhood, claims that he has totally given up preaching I aint preachin no more. (Steinbeck 20). Casy now places his faith in the astonishing power of human spirit. Steinbeck is representing Casey as a parallel to Jesus as his character carries optimism to the people that are in misery (Taliawaite). A more literal similarity that Steinbeck indicates to is his name, Jim Casey, which fatefully, has the same initials as Jesus Christ. I aint sayin Im like Jesus. But I got tired like Him, an I got mixed up like Him, an I went into the wilderness like Him. (Steinbeck 81). Although he still did not believe himself to be a preacher, he had the courage to stand up to the corruption and the unfairness. Casey planned on leading the people in a strike that would help the laborers attain reasonable wages however he gets murdered during the objection. The preacher, ony he was a-leadin the strike. They come for him. They killed im . Busted his head (Steinbeck 390). Like Jesus who sacrificed himself on the cross, Caseys death is a sacrifice for the wellbeing of others. Caseys last words were You don know what youre a-doin (Steinbeck 386) which can be paralleled to Jesus last words. Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do (Luke 23:24) (Rombold 157). Casey dies with honor and self-respect, as Jesus did. John Steinbeck says that in growing up he absorbed the Bible through his skin (Rombold 146). Characters from the book mimic real life people suffering through the Depression. They had a reason to believe that there was a higher power watching over them during this time of hardship (Rombold 146). While Steinbeck used Biblical references, he chooses to keep God as an absent character, For Steinbeck, the people themselves are the agents of change and the parties responsible for action. His use of Biblical allusions which generalize and deepen the Joads experience within the tradition of the mythos, place this novel within a very broad context. (Rombold 147). Readers were shocked by the notion of neglecting God, but they had to consider the source, and learned to accept that it was Steinbecks (Rombold146). Land and place are so more than just passive settings in The Grapes of Wrath. A mans connection to land is a very important theme, Mans love of the land, his need not so much to own it as to embrace it, to sink his hands and feet in it, to cry for joy when the corn is peeking through and to sleep like a dead man when the last load is in the silo- this is the strongest force in the book (OConnell 59). Despite the ruggedness of the landscape, it develops the backdrop in contradiction of a wide range of human concern. Famers and country men had a very strong relationship to the property they grew to know. When they lose their land, the Joads not only lose their means of support, but they also lose their home. California is supposed to be a land flowing with milk and honey, a place of chance and change(McCarthy). For a farmer, land is opportunity, and therefore land is money. The Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck endorses the philosophy that economic, legal, religious, and societal forces large ly control individual destiny, but lays out a philosophy to rise above those forces and achieve personal freedom (Conder 260). The American dream is unattainable to immigrants. In The Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck often challenges whether or not California is the, promise land. He questioned if the whole thing of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness are achievable. For so many, the American Dream is a capitalist dream. Instead, Steinbeck, through his characters and themes, sought the dream of unity and compassion. Through Jim Casy and Tom Joad, it is seen that their passion lays in standing up for what is right, rather than sitting back and taking the hit. But that wasnt always the case for them, towards the beginning of the novel, all of them were eager to reach this so called, promise land. But eventually, they came to the realization that they were indeed just chasing an unrealistic dream. The Joad family is leading down something of a problematic golden road- a path of escape from destitution to an ambiguous Californian deliverance. when the only option becomes putting the family on the road to a str ange and unknown destination, problems are compounded (Spangler). The Joads persistent letdown to find supportive work and pay led to economic decay, lessening the likelihood that the American Dream would come to completion. Arthur G. Neal stated, [the] economic hardships after the Great Depression fell disproportionately on the family unit (Spangler). Throughout all the economic struggle and failures on finding the American Dream, the Joads managed to stick together through the triumph. John Steinbeck emphasized the theme of the unattainable American Dream; however, he added in that maybe people can achieve their own dream just by sticking together and never giving up. From the Joad family leaving Oklahoma, to the struggles in California, The Grapes of Wrath remains a moving and an extremely well written piece of art. The plot, setting, and characters are very expressive, and Steinbecks fascinating writing techniques give the themes of the book a distinct feel. The parallels between John Steinbecks life and the narrative story he carved are apparent and distinct. Throughout the 1930s, real people with real problems faced issues like what the Joad faced. John Steinbeck wrote a brilliant piece work in expressing the economic and emotional anguish the Oakies experienced. Chronology February 27,1902- John Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California. He was the third of four children and the only son of John Ernst II and Olive Hamilton Steinbeck. He spent his childhood in the Salinas Valley (John Steinbeck). 1919- Steinbeck attended classes at Stanford University, and left without a degree. During these years Steinbeck dropped out for several months, and was employed intermittently as a sales clerk, farm laborer, ranch hand, and factory worker (John Steinbeck). January 14,1930- John Steinbeck marries Carol Henning (John Steinbeck). Winter of 1934- He gathered information on farm labor unions. Interviews labor organizer in Seaside(John Steinbeck). April 1939-Ã‚ The Grapes of Wrath, was published by Viking (John Steinbeck). Spring of 1941- He separated from Carol; fall, later he moves to New York City with singer Gwyndolyn Conger (John Steinbeck). 1943- He marries Gwyn Conger in New Orleans (John Steinbeck). August 2, 1944- birth of first son, Thom (John Steinbeck). June 12, 1946 birth of second son, John IV (John Steinbeck). September 14, 1964- presented with United States Medal of Freedom by President Lyndon B. Johnson (John Steinbeck). December 20, 1968- dies of arteriosclerosis in New York (John Steinbeck). Work Cited Conder, J John. Grapes of Wrath. Literary Themes for Students, Vol. 1, edited by Anne MarieÃ‚ Hacht, 2007, pp. 248-263. John Steinbeck: A Brief Chronology. Monterey County Historical Society, Local HistoryÃ‚ Pages, Montrerey Country Historical Society , 2010, mchsmuseum.com/steinbeckchronology.html. Date accessed 8 January, 2017. McCarthy, Paul. John Steinbeck. Contemporary Literary Criticism, edited by Sharon R.Ã‚ Gunton, vol. 21, Gale, 1982. Literature Resource Center, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=LitRCsw=wu=pikev=2.1id=GALE%7CH1100000796it=rasid=427c16e5f57e22fd0bc6c3cbf3811a0c. Originally published in John Steinbeck, by Paul McCarthy, Ungar, 1980. Date accessed 9 Nov, 2016. OConnel, Mike. An American Farmer Looks at The Grapes of Wrath. The SteinbeckÃ‚ Review, vol. 6, no. 2, 2009, pp. 56-63. www.jstor.org/stable/41582115. Date accessed November 14, 2016. Rombold, Tamara. Biblical Inversion in The Grapes of Wrath. College Literature, vol. 14,Ã‚ no. 2, 1987, pp. 146-166. www.jstor.org/stable/25111734. . Date accessed November 19, 2016. Simon, Bryant, and William Deverell. Come Back, Tom Joad: Thoughts on a CaliforniaÃ‚ Dreamer. California History, vol. 79, no. 4, 2000, pp. 180-191. www.jstor.org/stable/25463704. Date accessed November 10, 2016 Spangler, Jason. WeRe on a Road to Nowhere: Steinbeck, Kerouac, and the Legacy of theÃ‚ Great Depression. Studies in the Novel, The Johns Hopkins University Press, 19 Feb. 2009, muse.jhu.edu/article/259422. Accessed 14 Feb. 2017. Steinbecks Use of Nonfiction Sources in The Grapes of Wrath | EDSITEment.Ã‚ EDSITEment! The Best of the Humanities on the Web, 17 Sept. 2012, edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/steinbecks-use-nonfiction-sources-grapes-wrath#sect-introduction. Date accessed 16 January, 2017. Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York, NY, Penguin Group, 2006. Taliawaite. A Look at Biblical Allusions. The Angry Grapes, 1 Dec. 2012,Ã‚ taliawaite.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/did-you-know-a-look-at-biblical-allusions/. Date accessed 5 December, 2016. The Grapes of Wrath: 10 Surprising Facts about John Steinbecks Novel . The Telegraph,Ã‚ Telegraph Media Group, www.telegraph.co.uk/books/authors/john-steinbeck-grapes-of-wrath-what-you-should-know/. Date accessed 10 December, 2016.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

John Brown :: essays research papers

Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ John Brown became a legend of his time. He was a God fearing, yet violent man and slaveholders saw him as evil, fanatic, a murderer, lunatic, liar, and horse thief. To abolitionists, he was noble and courageous. John Brown was born in 1800 and grew up in the wilderness of Ohio. At seventeen, he left home and soon mastered the arts of farming, tanning, and home building. Along with all the rural arts Brown was skilled at, one of his most conspicuous talents was profuse and painful failure. He made many attempts at work and every one turned into a disappointment. In 1837, Brown made his first public statement on human bondage and from then on continued to speak out against slavery. For three years, he traveled East beseeching abolitionists for guns and money. While doing that, Brown created a plan that one night, a small group would capture the federal armory and arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia. There, the group would seize all the guns and escape. Slaves would then join the group, creating an army, and diminish slavery in the South. On October 16, 1859, John Brown led a procession into Harpers Ferry and the raid went perfectly as planned. By noon, however, the Virginia militia entered Harpers Ferry and closed the only escape route. At the end of the day, Brown only had five of the twenty-two men he began with available to continue fighting. On October 18, the Marines, headed by Colonel Robert E. Lee, requested the surrender of Brown. He refused. The Marines attacked and captured John Brown. BrownÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s trial took place in one week and on November 2, 1859, John Brown was charged with murder, treason, and leading a slave revolt. He was sentenced to death. Brown lived in a Charleston jail cell for one month until he was killed on December 2. Church bells tolled and cannons boomed in honor of John Brown. Experts began to question BrownÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s sanity. Some say he was obsessed, monomaniacal, and psychologically unbalanced. John Brown :: essays research papers Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ John Brown became a legend of his time. He was a God fearing, yet violent man and slaveholders saw him as evil, fanatic, a murderer, lunatic, liar, and horse thief. To abolitionists, he was noble and courageous. John Brown was born in 1800 and grew up in the wilderness of Ohio. At seventeen, he left home and soon mastered the arts of farming, tanning, and home building. Along with all the rural arts Brown was skilled at, one of his most conspicuous talents was profuse and painful failure. He made many attempts at work and every one turned into a disappointment. In 1837, Brown made his first public statement on human bondage and from then on continued to speak out against slavery. For three years, he traveled East beseeching abolitionists for guns and money. While doing that, Brown created a plan that one night, a small group would capture the federal armory and arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia. There, the group would seize all the guns and escape. Slaves would then join the group, creating an army, and diminish slavery in the South. On October 16, 1859, John Brown led a procession into Harpers Ferry and the raid went perfectly as planned. By noon, however, the Virginia militia entered Harpers Ferry and closed the only escape route. At the end of the day, Brown only had five of the twenty-two men he began with available to continue fighting. On October 18, the Marines, headed by Colonel Robert E. Lee, requested the surrender of Brown. He refused. The Marines attacked and captured John Brown. BrownÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s trial took place in one week and on November 2, 1859, John Brown was charged with murder, treason, and leading a slave revolt. He was sentenced to death. Brown lived in a Charleston jail cell for one month until he was killed on December 2. Church bells tolled and cannons boomed in honor of John Brown. Experts began to question BrownÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s sanity. Some say he was obsessed, monomaniacal, and psychologically unbalanced.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Intrusion and Prevention Essay

1.0Abstract The wide spread proliferation of Internet Technology has led to the incorporation of Computer in each and every field of life. From education to Business, Information Technology has now become an indispensable element in our life. Computers have reached homes, offices, schools and even churches . The wide spread use of computers is accompanied by an exponential growth in e-crimes ,in which unscrupulous elements try to gain access to otherÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s computers to steal valuable information like credit cardÃ‚ numbers , personal identification codes etc. Owing to this the development and deployment of sophisticated Intrusion detection systems that can detect and thwart such malicious attempts becomes highly important. Ã‚ 2.0 Intrusion Detection Systems(IDS) In order to safeguard a computer from being intruded by malicious code, System/Network Administrators deploy Intrusion Detection Systems .These systems are nothing but software applications that monitor the inbound Internet packets for malicious or susceptible activity and alert the Administrator whenever such an activity is detected. They often respond to such intrusions by either blocking the source computer from accessing the hosted computer or by restricting the actions of source computer on destination. There are many types of IDS software available in the market and they differ in the way they detect the suspicious activity. Examples of IDS include Shadows, Snort, Dragon, RealSecure and NetProwler. 3.0 Snort IDS There are many products available in the market for intrusion detection, out of these Snort gains a unique market proposition because of its free download availability and itÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s at par performance in its field with any other commercial product. Snort is an Open source IDS Software which was originally designed for UNIX platform, but now is available for Windows based systems also. It provides basic network monitoring purpose and also can also be configured for rule based IDS functionality. 4.0 Functionalities of Snort Ã‚ Snort can be installed very easily on any Windows or UNIX based system with the help of its friendly graphical user friendly interface. It is a Network bases Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) that can be used in two modes, Ã¢â‚¬Å"snifferÃ¢â‚¬ and logger mode. In basic sniffer mode it just reports what is happening on the system console, while in the logger mode, it can log the network traffic details in the log file directory. Both sniffer and logger modes are passive and just give system administrator an information about the network traffic without actually taking any action to prevent the intrusion. However it can be used in IDS mode to be able to act upon certain rules, pre-defined by system administrator to prevent intrusion. Snort is open sourced and comes with a well-developed API that can be used to add new functionalities to the IDS. The only pit-fall of Snort IDS is that, it does not have Customer support and a user has to rely on self-help books and internet forums for any troubleshooting and problems. However its download comes with a very elaborate documentation. Also some of the functionalities that are their in its UNIX version might be missing in its Windows version. 5.0 Evaluation: Snort is the most widely used IDS software with more than 225,000 registered users. It provides user with features like signature detection, protocol inspection and anomaly based detection. Its open source nature makes it the most favored IDS system by developers .They are constantly in pursuit to add new and sophisticated functionality to existing systems. There is lot of literature available about Snort due to its wide reach and influence on user community. It can be used to detect all kind of intrusions ranging from buffer overflows, CGI attacks, SMB probes, OS fingerprinting attempts to stealth port scans. From its initially light weight edition that was used only to log the intrusion attempts to the current sophisticated and fully developed IDS edition, Snort has truly come a long way to provide user with an inexpensive, sophisticated and cutting edge technology that could secure their systems from malicious attacks from unscrupulous elements.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Roses Ã¢â‚¬ A Short Story

Roses Ã¢â‚¬â€œ A Short Story Free Online Research Papers If I could go back, even for a day, maybe things could have been different. I would give him a hug to assure him thinks are ok, despite the cruel circumstances he was under. IÃ¢â‚¬â„¢d let him know there are more people who care about him than donÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t. But time cannot rewind, reality and life are in the present. I know take life more serious. I express my love to more people who may not have heard it before because life is precious and they have made a difference in me. I no longer say goodbye, because goodbye is forever. Instead, I say Ã¢â‚¬Å"See you later.Ã¢â‚¬ The pains and sorrows that are felt are only temporary. Suffering now will lead to happiness in the future. Never has a single person had such a strong impact on my life as Jordan Jensen did, and still continues to. The smell of a cleansing spring rain filled the air in Draper, Utah. The weather was almost perfect. Clear skies, fresh air, not hot, but not cold. Through the overcast clouds that hung over the valley the sun still managed to shine through and put itÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s warmth on us. No one seemed as excited for this new weather as I did. I wanted to be outside, wander around, and enjoy the beauty. For three months I felt as if all we did was sit inside of the same houses, the same basements, because of the cold and gloomy weather. But alas we could be free! After begging forever I finally convinced someone to step outside into this beautiful day, get some fresh air, and just walk with me.. His name is Jordan Jensen. Jordan and I skipped down the street, hand in hand, laughing at probably nothing. We werenÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t the closest friends, but we confided in each other. The cement cold on our bare feet, but that didnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t bother us. We stopped at Pheasant Circle Park to swing and strengthen our friendship. The sawdust on the playground was still wet from the rain, so it was unusually soft on our feet. We hadnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t been friends for very long, so at first the conversation was small. Our discussion somehow led to love. We both agreed on everything. Even though weÃ¢â‚¬â„¢re both young, we still had our thoughts and hopes about it. The discussion of love led into flowers. Jordan then told me I was going to be added to his Ã¢â‚¬Å"Rose List.Ã¢â‚¬ Once a month he would leave one or two roses on his good friendÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s porch. Just to brighten their day. After 3 hours of talking we decided we were going to be best friends. So we were. Two weeks later I was on my way to work. I opened the door and there were four, white roses sitting on the step. I smiled wider than I ever had before. I wasnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t necessarily having an awful day, but this simple act definitely took an insipid day and made it one of the best. The sweet scent of the roses occupied the musky smell of my car. I continued to receive four roses each month. Jordan had many big dreams. Some were a bit unrealistic to us. But, for some reason, just because Jordan wanted and hoped for them to come true, in the back of our minds we were a little convinced they might. ItÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s unfortunate and heart breaking that his biggest dream, our worst nightmare, came true. The smell of roses has never smelt so bitter. Usually associated with romance or love, to a group of friends they smell of tragedy and guilt. The normal roses left on our porch were only rose petals for the last time. Jordan Jensen took his life on October 14, 2007. Research Papers on "Roses" - A Short StoryThe Spring and AutumnNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceThe Hockey GameLifes What IfsHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductWhere Wild and West MeetAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2

Monday, October 21, 2019

Benefits of Yoga Essays

Benefits of Yoga Essays Benefits of Yoga Essay Benefits of Yoga Essay In our modern society, yoga seems like a new trend, but it actually began more than three thousand years ago in India. The word Ã¢â‚¬Å"yogaÃ¢â‚¬ is Sanskrit means to yoke, or unite, the mind, body, and spirit. Although yoga includes physical exercise, it is also is a way of life for which exercise is just one element. The main components of yoga are based on training your mind, body, and breathing, as well as connecting with your spirituality. Within the last few centuries, innovations and urbanizations of our society have strongly influenced the way we live. We strongly strive for that comfortable way of life, consisting of a balanced diet and a steady income. The way we eat to the way we find relaxation is much different from those of ancient times. Our food expectations have become increasingly high, resulting in bad health including high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity. To make our society a better one and lessen these problems, yoga is the perfect solution. Yoga is for everyone, including you. You can begin your practice at any age, in any physical condition or in any place where you can take a deep breath (Khalsa amp; Seibel 1). You should do yoga twice a week because it improves your weight control, expands your physical endurance, and enhances your sex life. Yoga improves your weight control. There have been many studies to determine whether yoga increases mindful eating and leads to less weight which stimulates weight loss. In one yoga study conducted by Alan Kristal and colleagues, they tested over fifteen thousand men and women in their mid-fifties. Out of those who had been normal weight at age forty-five, only one hundred of them had practiced yoga for four or more years at least thirty minutes weekly. These subjects average weight gain was about three pounds less than the subjects who donÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t do yoga. Another group of thirty subjects that had been overweight at age forty-five actually lost an average of five pounds compared to an average gain of thirteen pounds in non-yoga practitioners (Ã¢â‚¬Å"YogaÃ¢â‚¬ 7). In multiple cases, yoga has shown to promote weight loss in people who are overweight and prevent weight gain in individuals of normal weight. People who engage in mindful eating can better conquer weight loss because they learn to make choices about their eating based on awareness of hunger and value quality rather than quantity of food. In one particular study, researchers developed a Mindful Eating Questionnaire that addressed more than three hundred people on awareness, external cues, emotional response, and distraction. Of these subjects, more than forty percent practiced yoga more than one hour per week, another forty percent walked for an hour and a half per week, and more than fifty percent engaged in more than ninety minutes of moderate or strenuous physical exercise per week. According to the results, body weight of the participants was within normal range, and the body mass index(BMI) was lower among people who practiced yoga compared to those who did not (Ã¢â‚¬Å"YogaÃ¢â‚¬ 7). Researchers observed a relationship between higher scores on the mindfulness questionnaire and a lower BMI, which indicates that mindful eating may have an important role in long-term weight maintenance (Mitchell 5). Ã¢â‚¬Å"Mindfulness EatersÃ¢â‚¬ those who eat when they are depressed, anxious, or when they are not hungry are more likely to weigh more or to gain weight. Alan Kristal explains, Ã¢â‚¬Å"From my experience, I think it has to do with the way that yoga makes you more aware of your body. So when youÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ve eaten enough food, youÃ¢â‚¬â„¢re sensitive to the feeling of being full and this makes it much easier to stop eating before youÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ve eaten too muchÃ¢â‚¬ (Sherman 186). Yoga improves your physical endurance. Everyone is familiar with the elliptical or treadmill, but yoga is an alternative workout that works your muscles just as efficiently. According to Yoga studies conducted by University of California, a powerful yoga session averages a four-hundred and fifty five calorie-burn which is equivalent to any other cardiovascular exercise and has also been proven that yoga promotes cardiovascular benefits (Sherman 186). This is an exercise that offers assistance to individuals with multiple diseases including sclerosis, osteoarthritis, and cardiovascular disease or heart failure. Yoga helps individuals reach other physical activity goals through helping them with flexibility and balance and strengthening their muscles and bones. Yoga enhances and promotes a healthy sex life. Yoga gives you greater flexibility and muscle tone. Better sex really? Practicing yoga will add numerous physical and emotional benefits to time you spend with your partner in the bed. If youÃ¢â‚¬â„¢re looking for some guidance on a greater sex life or just spontaneity, there have been plenty of studies on this topic to show the truth. Sexually active people tend to live longer and have a lower incidence of heart disease, says Beverly Whipple, Ph. D. , co-author of The Science of Orgasm (Johns Hopkins, 2006). According to Whipples research, hormones and brain chemicals released during orgasm help manage acute and chronic pain (Isaacs 15). According to Whipples research, hormones and brain chemicals released during orgasm help manage acute and chronic pain. In other studies it sex can also fight depression and weight gain. In yoga, you can learn many different positions. You also learn how to become much more flexible and more confident with your body. Yoga helps enhance the bodys core strength and sexual energy. But how does yoga really help? It makes you flexible, tougher, and self-confident; in and out of the sheets. The more time you spend on the mat, the more steamy your time in the bedroom,Ã¢â‚¬ says Jacquie Noelle Greaux, a yoga instructor and co-author of Better Sex through Yoga (Isaacs 16). Similar to Kegel exercises, movements such as the Root Lock or Mula Bandha can toughen the pelvic-floor thus improving the intensity of your orgasms. Yoga experts believe that Ã¢â‚¬Å"sexualit y is stored in the hip and pelvic areaÃ¢â‚¬ (Isaacs 16). Other Yoga poses like Bound AngleÃ¢â‚¬ and Wide-Legged Forward Bend Ã¢â‚¬Å"increase blood flowÃ¢â‚¬ to the hip and pelvic area (Isaacs 16), which enhances sexual compassion and pleasure. Feeling good about your body is sexy. Outside of increasing your sex life, poses like Chaturanga (Four-Limbed Staff Pose) work hard in building your strength and stamina. Additionally, yoga teaches self-acceptance allowing you to feel less self-conscious and more confident about your body. Want to make your sex life even better than that? By practicing yoga with your lover, you can both enjoy the benefits and grow closer in the process. Greaux explains, Couples yoga is like foreplay: Youre breathing, sweating, and moving together and when the sheets are untangled, the fruits of your practice can have a long-lasting outcome(Isaacs 15). Doing yoga with your partner can be very effective for your sexual life. Engaging in yoga with your partner supports a physical, emotional, and mental connection between the two of you. Whether you do yoga once, twice, or three times a weekÃ¢â‚¬ ¦ the more the better. Yoga offers so many benefits, why wouldnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t you want to do it? It improves your weight control, physical endurance, and your sex life. Not only does it augment your physical aspects of life, but your social life as well. It has also been said that yoga has a progressive effect on learning and memory. There are still questions as to what other happiness yoga brings to us. All in all, yoga is a positive exercise that can change your body, mind, and soul in a safe, positive way. Boehde, Dawn, and Porcari, John. Yoga Physical Benefits for Muscle Toning and Weight Loss. Health Fitness Guide, Physical Fitness Health Nutrition Guide, Healthy Diets, Weight Loss Pills, Home Gym Fitness Equipment Store. Web. 11 Oct. 2010. lt; fuelthemind. com/health/fitness/pilates_yoga/what_is_yoga. htmlgt;. Isaacs, Nora. The Yoga of Joyful Sex. Remote Access to UMUC Library Resources UMUC. Health Source Consumer Edition, July-Aug. 2007. Web. 15 Oct. 2010. lt;http://web. ebscohost. com. ezproxy. umuc. edu/ehost/detail? vid=27amp;hid=6amp;[emailprotected]amp;bdata=JmxvZ2luLmFzcCZzaXRlPWVob3N0LWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ==#db=hxhamp;AN=26138135gt;. Mitchell, Deborah. Yoga Helps With Weight Loss. Emaxhealth: Daily Health News. Center for Mindful Eating, 19 Sept. 2009. Web. 13 Oct. 2010. lt; emaxhealth. om/1275/62/33510/yoga-helps-weight-loss. htmlgt;. Pascale, Kavanagh. Yoga. KidsHealth the Webs Most Visited Site about Childrens Health. Aug. -Sept. 2008. Web. 13 Oct. 2010. lt;http: //kidshealth. org/teen/food_fitness/exercise/yoga. htmlgt;. Seibel, Machelle M. A Womans Book of Yoga: Embracing Our Natural Life Cycles. New York: Avery, 2002. Print. Sherman, Alexa Joy TOTAL BODY POWER YOGA. Source Nov. 2004: 186-91. Health Source: Consumer Edition. Web. 11 Oct. 2010. lt;http://web. ebscohost. com. ezproxy. umuc. edu/ehost/detail? vid=17amp

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress Essay Example

Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress Essay Example Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress Paper Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress Paper Spain, being recently unified, wanted spices and gold. The gold to them could purchase anything. So they offered Christopher Columbus ten percent of the profit, if he would bring back gold and spices. Christopher Columbus was sent to Asia with three ships: the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria. Columbus sailed for thirty-three days not sighting land. It wasnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t until early October of 1492 that he and his crew finally landed. He supposedly was the first to sight land and received a ten thousand maravedis as his reward. It was not him, but a member of his crew who first sighted land, Rodrigo. But Columbus got the credit. As Columbus and his crew approached the island, they were greeted by the native inhabitants of the island. The natives were the Arawak Indians, and the island they were on was the Bahama Islands. The Arawaks gave them food, water, and incredible gifts. Columbus took some of the natives as prisoners so they could show him where the gold was. They took him to Hispaniola. Hispaniola, as Columbus reported, was beautiful, fertile, filled with gold and other metals. Columbus had promised Spain and investors gold, but there wasnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t much gold to be found. He ordered that Indians ages fourteen and over to collect gold. After the Indians collected the amount of gold required, they were given copper token necklaces to prove that they had collected the gold. Later, it was obvious that no more gold was left to collect, so the Indians were taken to work on estates. They worked hard and many died. None of the original Arawaks were left on the Bahama Islands. Bartolome de las Casas transcribed ColumbusÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s log. He wrote a multivolume History of the Indies. He wrote that the Indians had no temple, if not a religion. Las Casas writes of how the Spaniards were becoming more conceited as the days passed. The Spaniards killed for fun. They considered themselves to on top of the world. After collecting gold for about 6-8 months, the gold was melted. This was such hard labor, that many died. According to Casas, over three million died. The women were so malnourished that they could not produce milk for their babies. The babies were often killed out of the motherÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s desperation. The men worked so hard in the mines, stressed killed them. Samuel Eliot Morison wrote that we shouldnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t accept the atrocities so easily, but to not make a big deal about it either, because it was in the past. It didnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t happen to us in the present. No point in grieving for the victims or judging the villains, because it wonÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t make a difference. ItÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s much easier to bury the truth than hide it. Columbus did it to the Arawaks, and others did the same. Such as Cortes to the Aztecs, and Pizarro to the Incas. They all took advantage of the natives and abused everything they received. Were these massacres really necessary for the progression of the human race? Of course this question can easily be debated, but remember the key word, necessary. All the gold and silver Spain received, it didnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t make it richer, but a little more powerful in the combat area. What was the point of being a little stronger if you lost the wars to come? Everything became worse than it was before. Even though Columbus referred to the natives as Indians, we do so because there is the possibility that they originated from Asia. Indians have become more evolved. Around the time of Christ, there was a culture of Indians, also known as Moundbuilders. They built many gigantic sculptures. Many Indian cultures had their own laws, poetry, and tales to tell on to future generations. The main point being this: is it right for someone to take anotherÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s life just to progress in life and tell the story as if they were the heroes?

Saturday, October 19, 2019

A Glimpse of Chinese Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Glimpse of Chinese Art - Essay Example The earliest Shuiyei Guanyin work of art was found in Dunhuang. This was later described the deity on the painting to have Ã¢â‚¬Å"distinctive attributes of GuanyinÃ¢â‚¬ in the Tang dynasty, and the dynasties that followed thereafter. The icon had a Ã¢â‚¬Å"willow branchÃ¢â‚¬ and Ã¢â‚¬Å"water bottleÃ¢â‚¬ in both hands, and it was seated on a rock. The background had a fabulous full moon and the place was filled with bamboo grove. This work had influenced the Chinese culture and art since full moon and bamboo grove have been the symbolic icons in Chinese paintings. This work of art continued to transform and was interpreted into other works of art such as sculptures. This art later on signified the beauty of Chinese art from Indian culture that had the resemblance of the said icon. This has fascinated me in such way that I was able to appreciate how art can live through the years, and represent the stories behind it. This even became a more developed one by having several interpre tations and versions. Art can even prove to connect different cultures together, and yet, it maintains the true meaning and essence of the art for each culture. The horses of the Tang Dynasty are among the most promising treasures and works of art in Chinese culture. This is due to the fact that horses made a significant role during the war since this signified stability of the troop. The Tang dynasty was one of the well known dynasties in China, and their horses were known to be one of the greatest inspirations to come up with ideas on Chinese art. The Ã¢â‚¬Å"Zhaoling Six HorsesÃ¢â‚¬ is said to be the inspired work of art from the Chinese custom of Ã¢â‚¬Å"stone relievos.Ã¢â‚¬ These horses were owned by the emperor Li Shimin of Tang dynasty (Dongxia 121-122). These horses were described to be a group of equestrians and that they were wearing clothes suited for the battle, but at the same time neat and steady. The group was not all Chinese by ethnicity, but they all had the readi ness to face war (Ã¢â‚¬Å"Tang DynastyÃ¢â‚¬ ). The Ã¢â‚¬Å"horses in Tang dynastyÃ¢â‚¬ has made an impact on me not just with how they served their purpose back in the Tang dynasty, but as to how they had remained to be a symbolic icon in Tang dynasty. I see them as a proof of stability, and at the same time elegance as they

Friday, October 18, 2019

History of planning and urban design in 20th century Essay

History of planning and urban design in 20th century - Essay Example Why I chose architecture and planning? I cannot give a simple answer for that. Maybe it was because since childhood I have liked painting and construction and have yearned to create things on my own. It seems that architecture and planning can satisfy my imagination in terms of space, creativity, and colour.After my five years of study in the Department of Architecture and Planning and three yearsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ work experience, I asked myself this same question. The result is that Part of the above factors as well I realized that architecture and planning have an intrinsic appeal for me and that they are not only an art, but also more importantly a kind of technology. I studied architecture and town planning together as I have never thought of them as separate jobs. They are merely two sides of a same coin, the difference being mostly in the scale of the work. As part of my university degree I completed courses in different aspects of architecture and planning such as history of architectu re and urban development, urban transportation planning, urban and landscape infrastructure and services, city planning process. I found these subjects very interesting.Ã‚ After my graduation I worked as a planning engineer with the Ministry of Transport. The work experience I gained during that period helped to strength my specialization, improve my research skills, integrate my knowledge, and build my leadership skills. As part of my professional development I took additional training courses in various areas such as transportation planning, traffic engineering and scientific research.... The garden city concept combined the town and the country in order to provide the working class an alternative to working on farms or 'crowded, unhealthy cities'. Garden cities were intended to be planned, self-contained, communities surrounded by "greenbelts" (parks), containing proportionate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture (2). Letchworth was the first garden city, in the UK in 1903, followed by Welwyn in 1919. These were small in size, providing for a few thousand residents. In Australia, the suburb of Colonel Light Gardens in Adelaide, South Australia, was designed according to garden city principles. So too was the town of Sunshine, which is now a suburb of Melbourne in Victoria. New towns throughout the world were modeled after these garden cities. This theory was an attempt to improve the appearance of cities and streets by means of architectural and spatial effects. (3)Ã‚ In 1920 the ideas of modernity began to appear by designer Le Corbusier brought more mod ern ideas and new methods of building and introduced the skyscraper. The main idea was to combine residential home designs with the feel of the city. This was also a way to use modern technologies to eliminate congestion and chaos that was experienced by small cities. This was achieved by and changing the streets to highways and constructing towers set within the gardens. Theories suggest that the center of a great city should consist mainly of skyscrapers Ã¢â‚¬â€œ exclusively for commercial use Ã¢â‚¬â€œ and these groups of skyscrapers should be set within large, rectangular park-like green spaces. A huge transportation hub sits in the center and includes depots for buses and trains, as well as the highway intersections. This plan segregated pedestrian circulation paths from the roadways and

Should investors in equity markets be worried about the timing of Essay

Should investors in equity markets be worried about the timing of their investment - Essay Example The modern thinking in Financial Management today is that financial managers do not perform the role of goal keepers of financial data and information, and arranging funds, whenever directed to do so. Rather, financial managers occupy a key role in top management areas by solving complex management problems. Today, the financial managers are responsible for shaping the fortunes of the enterprise and are involved in the most vital management decision of allocation of capital. Finance managers are responsible for the procurement of funds and effective utilization of funds to achieve the business objectives. Finance manager is required to make decision on investment, financing and dividend keeping in view the objectives of the company. While making investment, it is necessary to give stress for the time value of money. It means that the worth of money received today is different from that it should be received in future. There are number of reasons related with the time value of money, such as- "Investment Analysis generates equivalent current year values allowing comparisons between different investments and identifies investment performance spikes or dips providing a tool to maximize overall return" (Investment Analysis Software. 2007). In addition to this, time value of money is very important, because it helps in arriving the comparable value of the different amount arising at different points of time in to equivalent values of a particular point of time either in present or in future. The cash flows arising at different periods of time can be made comparable by using any of the two ways- i.e. by compounding the present money to a future date, (for finding out the value of the present money.); or by discounting the future money to present date, (for finding out the present value of future money.) Under techniques of compounding, future value of a single cash flow is- FV= PV (1+r) ; Where, FV= Future Value n years; PV= Present value of cash flow today; r = Rate of interest per year; n = Number of years for which the compounding is done; Similarly, under discounting techniques, the present value of a single cash flow is- PV = FVn (1/1+r) ; Where, FVn = Future value n years; r = Rate of interest per year; n = Number of years foe which the discounting is done; Both investment and financing of funds are two crucial functions of finance manager. The investment of funds requires a number of decisions to be taken in a situation in which funds are invested and benefits are expected over a long period. Funds procured from different sources have to be invested in various kinds of assets. Long term funds are used in a project for various fixed assets and also for current assets. Investment of funds has to be made after careful assessment of the various projects through capital budgeting. Asset management policies are also laid down regarding various items of current assets. Investment in equity shares is a complex procedure; this is because unlike debt and preference shares

Journal #1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Journal #1 - Assignment Example According to the basic principle of communication, people cannot read the mind, and therefore they judge by the behavior and not the intention. In life, many at times we try so much to hide our reactions towards some communication or not to communicate back (Trenholm & Jensen, 2008). Personally, I tried one time not to communicate back to someone that he may think that I am not affected by whatever he was saying. He was tirelessly trying to irritate me and get into my head with an intention of hurting my feelings. Since I knew his intention, I wanted to pretend that his words had no effect on me by remaining silent, very unlike me. I was very successful at remaining quiet, unfortunately, I could not control the expressions on my face which communicated enough back to him, and I think he enjoyed it that he did not even need my verbal communication. As much as I tried to avoid communication, other forms of communication other than words still communicated whatever I had in mind. This principle explains that one cannot take back what has already been said, this is reference to a proverb which states that one cannot swallow back any word that goes out of the mouth. The effects of the words will inevitably remain (Trenholm & Jensen, 2008). Even in a court situation, if a judge gives an instruction to the jury to disregard the last statement made by a witness, it is perfectly clear to a lawyer that it will still make an impression to them. I remember a situation where I was really angry with my best friend for doing something that I had told him not to, and we got into a heated argument, then I happened to mentioned something that I ended up regretting, but I could not take it back. Since I knew most of his secrets, I made him feel so bad and he almost hated me forever. I wished that I could take back what I had mentioned but it was just impossible. I had to face the consequences of it. The cultivation theory suggests

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Eassy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Eassy - Essay Example The best way through which a manager can be able to know the areas that they are strong in is through feedback analysis. Within a short period of about three years, this simple method can always show a manageable areas in which they are strong and those in which they are weak. With knowledge of oneÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s strength a manager should seek to improve their strength in order to maximize their productivity. A manager should also be aware of the ways through which their intellectual arrogance can lead to ignorance something that can be very costly to the business they run. People usually have different ways of doing things. It is important for a manager to know exactly how they usually work. The way in which people work is usually highly influenced by their personalities. However, the good thing is that a person can always change the way they work (Drucker, 1999). People might not be able to completely change the way they work, but they can be able to slightly modify the manner in which they work. A manager should be able to be aware of their own values. For instance, there are people who easily gain knowledge through listening while the other would easily gain knowledge through reading. People are rarely able to be good in getting knowledge through both means. This implies that a manager who does not know where their values are might end up opting for the wrong methods. With the lack of understanding of oneÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s values it is clearly evident that the manager will never be able to reach their full potential. However, a manager with the full knowledge of their values can always know those things that complement their values and bring out the best from them (Mintzberg, 1975). With full knowledge of oneself a manager can be able to know exactly where they belong. Some managers usually find themselves not being able to perform as expected of them. This is not always because they are incapable of performing, but because

Studying Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Studying Language - Essay Example In addition, social variations in the use of dialects exist, the linguistic levels to which these can be applied include vocabulary, idiomacity, grammar and pronunciation. In simple terms, this is the words used, the special meanings and forms they are used in, the way they are place within sentences and how they are spoken. How dialect, or its social variation 'sociolect' is used, depends on the situation a person is in elements of which are described as who, what and where, all of which will impact on the style of language usage. For example, people will often use what they describe as their 'posh' or 'telephone' voice when answering a call. So somebody from Northern Ireland, speaking in a 'casual style' of dialect, may greet a friend or acquaintance with adda boutcha(How are you), will change this to ow're ya doin- still dialectic, but in the 'careful' style when meeting someone new or who they consider superior. There is more attention paid to the use of speech, with the changes in vocabulary, idiom and pronunciation, bearing out the contention that situations influence how speech is monitored. In sociolinguistic terms, shared knowledge of a language by a sufficient number of people creates a dialect. As with many languages, dialects have their own peculiar sounding of words, particularly where vowe ls are concerned. An illustration which shows how this works comes from the East Yorkshire coast. Received pronunciation, or indeed other parts of Britain, will fully round out the vowel sounds in the words 'bonny bairn'. With the flattened vowel sounds of Hull and the East Coast, this becomes something like 'bernie bern' - which takes 2. the issue into the realms of the use of words in dialect. 'Bonny' could be 'beautiful' elsewhere, and of course 'bairn' is 'baby'. The Scots and Irish would sound the 'r', but it is virtually silent in the Hull example. Other examples of different lexical terms demonstrate dialectic differences where one part of the country talks about having dinner, another calls it supper. In American English, a lift becomes an elevator and the police station is the precinct, and so on. The precinct is where shopping takes place in large British cities, but the Americans go to the mall. So it can safely be said that everybody talks in a dialect of some sort, or at least incorporates linguistic elements of regional or social variations into verbal communication, true about all languages, worldwide. One amazing example of Ulster dialectic mystery concerns the sedum plant of the dark, ruby red flowered variety. In Northern Ireland, this is a 'Mullingar Heifer' and it is difficult to imagine what a nat ive of Bristol would make of it. Coupled with dialect, the regional accent is found, which may account for confusion as to differences in definition. Accent is defined (COD, p.6) as . Prominence given to syllable by stress or in some languages, by pitch[...]2. Individual, local or national mode of pronunciation;An accent refers to a more general pronunciation of English and (indeed other languages) and is not specifically applied to traditional dialect words. The different linguistic levels involved with accents are described as Segmental phonemic (units of significant sounds) and Suprasegmental stress, rhythm and intonation. Speaking with a regional accent determines a person's geographical origins,

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Journal #1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Studying Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Good Teacher Essay Example for Free

A Good Teacher Essay Plants are shaped by cultivation and men by education. We are born weak, we need strength; we are born totally unprovided, we need aid; we are born stupid, we need judgement. Everything we do not have at our birth and which we need when we are grown is given to us by education. (Jean Jacques Rousseau) It can be seen that education is one of the most important factor of our life. It is the tool that shapes us intellectually, socially, emotionally and personally. The kind of education that we receive depends highly on the educators that we encounter. A positive or negative encounter can impact our entire life. Therefore, if it is intended for todayÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s students to be responsible citizens of tomorrowÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s society, then all teachers should emulate the roles of a Ã¢â‚¬Å"good teacherÃ¢â‚¬ . A good teacher is one who is knowledgeable of learners and their development, knowledgeable of subject matter and curriculum goals, creates a good learning environment andÃ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. It can be noted that from the interview conducted, Teacher X exemplifies most of the features of a Ã¢â‚¬Å"good teacherÃ¢â‚¬ and is therefore considered as one. Before entering in a classroom, a Ã¢â‚¬Å"good teacherÃ¢â‚¬ should be highly knowledgeable of the subject area they will be teaching and have a clear understanding of how to organize the curriculum in order to meet the need of the students and the objectives of the school. The interview highlighted that Teacher X is one of the chief writers of the curriculum for the examination body of her institution. It will be ones belief that a personnel would not have been bestowed such privilege if she was not competent in her subject area. She also outlined that her learning objectives are based on the knowledge, ability and skill of the students. This further exemplifies her since Darlington-Hammond and Baratz-Snowden (2005) states that based on the learning needs of their students, teachers must make a wide variety of curriculum decisions, ranging from the evaluation and selection of materials to the design and sequencing of tasks, assignments and activities to the assessment of learning to guide further teaching. The development of the curriculum in light of the studentsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ interest fosters intrinsic motivation and stimulates the studentsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ passion for learning a specific subject area. If given the opportunity for input, studentsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ will generate ideas and set goals that even the teacher had not thought of. At this point teachers should embrace the fact that they do not know everything and should be willing to learn from their studentsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ in the process. A Ã¢â‚¬Å"good teacherÃ¢â‚¬ must take the time to know her students. Know not only their names or facial representations, but their readiness level, learning styles and interest. Students are all individuals who learn at different rates and in different ways. Tomlinson (2001) outlines that students learn better if tasks are a close match for their skills and understanding of a topic (readiness), if tasks ignite curiosity or passion in a student (interest) and if the assignment encourages students to work in a preferred manner (learning style). The classrooms of our society can be extremely diverse, so teachers must be able to differentiate intrsuctions to meet the individual needs of each student.

Monday, October 14, 2019

What Was the Chicano Movement?

What Was the Chicano Movement? To some of us the Chicano Movement was a period of time where historians describe as a civil rights movement. Although the Chicano Movement has open many opportunities for different cultures and ethnicity to be acknowledged, it s a fight that well always be remembered in history. What made is era between 1960s to1970s so special, is that it opens many public viewers on the Spanish community and all the obstacles that Mexican-Americans had to encountered. This gives Americans a chance to understand other peoples cultures. Society has portray America as the land of the free, but looking back at the past many different ethnicities and different skin color people had to go from end to end encountering numerous suffering and pain in order to have the freedom they do today. Taking into consideration that some people today still take the Chicano Movement in vein, failing to understand its impact. Although at the heat of the battle many Mexican-Americans gave up hope and faith in their community. In spite of this, there is still some Latinos left that was willing to fight until the end. A man that believes in what is justified and moral; and that man is Cesar Chavez. The Chicano Movement inCalifornia started in the 1960s when Cesar Chavez led the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee. He organized the farm workers in the central valley of California. Chavezs main strategy for the farm worker was to focus most his ideas into the strikes, boycotts, and committing himself not use violence, and the importance of having faith and praying to achieve his goal. Not only was Cesar Chavez a big influence to the Mexican community, other organizations such M.E.cH.A, and New Raza Left had a major impact too. M.E.cH.A, (Movimento Estudiantil Chicano de Aztlan) is an organization that search for and help students from high school and colleges understand the importance of Mexican-Americans culture. On the other hand, the New Raza Left was an organization that helps the Latinos community. The purpose of this organization is to close the issues in California to the anti-immigration Proposition 187, as well ass the anti-affirmative action Proposition 209, and the anti-bilingual education Proposition 227. Importantly this organization has help fought against colleges and universities that refused to educated the mistreating of different ethnic such as; Mexican-Americans, Asian-Americans and African-Americans. In the spirit of the Chicano Movement it help colleges and universities to have an open mind on a higher level of education that led to the foundation of the Chicano studies. During the 1960s until now many Mexican Americans has fought their heart out to have the right to be treated as an equal, not gather than or less than any human being. Part of the Chicano Movement was to create a mixture of educational goals, cutbacks on school dropout rate, improving educational achievement, and creating a bilingual-bicultural program. While the civil rights movement was reaching across the nation and over hearingMartin Luther king non-violent protest, other ethnicity groups saw a chance to stand up and doing something for their community. Which led into aLos Angeles high school blowout in 1968. At the students walkout protest in Lincoln High School and Roosevelt the Los Angeles police officers brutally attacking several students for blocking a fire exit. During this big blow out young Mexican-Americans got to witness their peers fighting for a change. They also got to experience how the Latinos community was not respected and treated as second-rate citizens. On an interview, Rosales stated, remembers that farm workers were thought of as ignorant, lazy, stupid, and dirty. In another segment, a second interviewee recalls that being Mexican was a burden(Chicano; History of the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement). The Chicano movement has indeed affected and help changed California to what it is today, it was every cultural as well a following movement helping to create a new global cultural of different individuality. The time has come for the American people to learn about the civil/human rights struggle that minorities had to face. What is now consider a mistake in the past, is knowledge to the future that will help young students open their eyes to greater understanding of different ethnicities. Without the Chicano Movement, young Mexican-American would not understand the value of their freedom. Whereas, in todays world many of us are free to live among any different nationalities. The reason we have this freedom, is because of all the hard works that our ancestors had to go through in order for this generation to not suffer the same pain they went through. In todays education it is more rounded, meaning that in school, professors/teachers have to teach about the past history, like different cultures, religions races and etc. However, back in the 1960s many students did not get the education students have today. In a chronicle Art Fights the Power written by Sam Martian talks about a young boy (Malaquis Montoya) that also fought through the civil rights movement and was also a big part in the Chicano Movement. Like the rest of the Latinos community, struggling to live in the society of racism and discrimination. Although life was rough for Montoya he soon later get into University of Berkeley and become s professor at Davis. The government was finally beginning to recognize the problems that were being brought into the mainstream of society. People that were not of Mexican descent were shown what was happening in other social and economic groups. Local organizations gained strength and many started to campaign together in an attempt to raise public awareness. Education was at the top of this organizations priority list. People actively involved in the movement saw the need for a change in the system that for so long satisfied a narrow-minded society. There are several events that initially sparked the kindling of the Chicano Movement. The huge outcry by lower-middle class Mexican citizens was publicized more as people began to take action. These actions were not always legal or morally justified, but they did show the power behind the movement. The public saw many acts of violence against policemen and white businessmen. These acts were often the only thing seen by the general public, due in part to the press. There was much more to the movement than just this, however. Education for Mexican-Americans, or Chicanos, was something that was fought long and hard for. Years of oppression and social inequality were ingredients for an unpleasant time of protest, and violence, and incriminating actions. For many years, Chicanos in California and the Southwest had to deal with segregation, police brutality, and unlawful convictions. The children were thought of as future laborers so they werent taught with the same standards as other children. There was an ongoing struggle with Chicanos all over the country along with the African-Americans who felt cheated in similar ways to gain the civil rights that the Anglos had. These actions were eventually brought to the attention of The Supreme Court and overturned and set new standards for the events to come. The 1960s were a time of movement and struggle for the Chicanos in the United States. Chicano students felt that they were being deprived their education and that it was becoming a big problem. This had been the first time that they had actually begun making actions since there were some in college, and they realized that what was being done was unfair. High school students had begun to talk and begun to plan their walkouts. They had many reasons to Many schools that were predominantly made up of Mexican Americans, as well as African American were funded less than the Anglo schools of other areas. In Texas in 1970, Mexican American schools only received 3/5 of the Federal appropriations that Euro American schools were receiving. In Bexar County, a poor Chicano district, with five times less property value than the Euro American district, received less state aid per pupil than its wealthier Euro American neighbor. (Acuna, 413) The Chicanos realized that without educational equality, access to higher education was impossible. So once again, as in other instances, the people took it to the courts. This time there was more than one case involved in gaining progress. In 1968, the first case was Serrano v. Priest where John Serrano Jr. sued the California state treasurer on the grounds that his son received an inferior education in East Los Angeles because of the of the local property taxes financed the local schools. The argument was that the poor districts did not receive as much funds as the wealthier ones and in turn, the students were given the unequal treatment. He was trying to prove that money equaled education. As a result of Serrano taking his case to the Supreme Court, the court ruled in favor of Serrano stating that Californias school districts violated the state Constitutions equal protection clause by denying equal access to education. In a similar case, San Antonio School District v. Rodriguez, filed in 1968, the Supreme Court found that the U.S. Constitution did not include equal education as a fundamental right.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Arabian Nights :: essays research papers

Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ The Arden production of The Arabian Nights should have included a story or two about a Demon like those included in the novel by Husain Haddawy. By including these types of stories they could incorporate magic and demons into the play. There are many interesting ways that they adapter could portray magic and the appearance of demons. The Story of the Merchant and the Demon from the novel tells of this wealthy merchant who travels from town to town selling goods. On one trip he rode for many days and then stopped to rest under a walnut tree. He got something to eat out of his bag and began to throw the pits of the dates left and right. Then this old demon arrived and pulled out his sword to kill the merchant. Asking the demon why he wanted to kill him, the demon replied that the merchant had killed his son when he threw the date pit and it hit him in the head. The merchant began to weep and mourn his family and his wife and children. (Haddawy p.18) He then began to recite verses and after he was finished and stopped crying, the demon said again that he must kill the merchant as the merchant had killed his son. The merchant then begged the demon for time to say his good byes to his family and his wife and his kids. The demon agreed to give the man one year to return only after the merchant swore as God as a witness . When the merchant returned home and told of his troubles to his wife and children they all mourned. He than wrote his will, divided his property, discharged his obligations to people, left bequests and gifts, distributed alms, and engaged reciters to read portions of the Quran in his house. Then he summoned legal witnesses and in their presence freed his slaves and slave-girls, divided among his elder children their shares of the property, appointed guardians for his little ones, and gave his wife her share according to her marriage contract. (Haddawy p. 19) As the year came to an end, the merchant tearfully said his good byes and traveled to the orchard exactly one year later. As he was waiting under the tree for the demon, an old man walked by with a deer and asked why he was sitting in the orchard which is filled with demons and devils.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Black Boy :: essays papers

Black Boy Richard has many different ideas on how to deal with racism. Throughout the entire first part of the book he makes many references as to what he believes could help the problem. Although the most frequent method he practiced to deal with racism was acceptance, Richard does not believe this is the best way to handle it. Richard believes that educating oneself about racism bests combats the problem. Through education, Richard thinks that people can more easily come to realize how severe the problem is. He believes that far too many people are simply accepting racism because they don't know what it is like to live without it, and have no idea how to go about ridding themselves of the problem. Richard feels that if both whites and blacks could know what it would be like without the institution of racism running many of the aspects of their daily lives, then both races would benefit from this knowledge and change the nature of many of their actions. The belief that people need to be educated about the subject is commonly supported throughout the text. Entering the seventh grade Richard first realizes that racism is never talked about seriously. He thinks to himself, "Nothing about the problems of Negroes was ever taught about in school; and whenever I would raise these questions with the boys, they would either remain silent or turn the subject into a joke. They were vocal about the petty individual wrongs they suffered, but they possessed no desire for a knowledge of the picture as a whole.". This shows how Richard is aware of the lack of education, and also brings to light his misunderstanding of why there was a lack of education. Richard believed at this time that the reason blacks were not educated about the subject and nothing was ever done was because of white authority. The truth was the reason lied much deeper into the human character, and originated equally, if not more, from action the blacks took (or didn't take). Many southern blacks at this time had no idea of what life without racism would be like (besides the 'fairy tales' of a non-racist northern society). And because of most peoples' natural desire to maintain traditions (and promote a static reality), even when changing traditions would prove beneficial far in excess of the costs of the change, the majority blacks themselves in the south took no real action to promote change.

Friday, October 11, 2019

Milk Ã¢â‚¬ Cheese Essay

Milk contains all the food, including protein, fat, sugar, and other nutrients, a young mammal requires for a long period of time. Milk comes from sheep, cows, and goats. Milk is good for us because we grow up healthy and have a strong body; we have sharp teeth and have energy. Everybody needs milk, for example: babies, toddlers, sick people, children, and elderly people. In various parts of the world, goats, reindeer, donkeys, yaks, water buffalo, and sheep are domesticated and milked. In most countries, however, dairy cows provide milk. Milk and milk products are drunk and eaten in many forms, including buttermilk, cheese, yoghurt, and butter. Milk can be reduced to powder, concentrated in a thick liquid, and used in cooking. Fresh milk sours quickly, but, when changed into forms such as cheeses, it can be kept for a long time. People consume milk in fresh, dried, and condensed forms. Fermented-milk products, such as buttermilk, sour cream, and yoghurt, are also available. Milk is used to make food products such as butter, cheese, and ice-cream. Under normal conditions, the milk of mammals is the only food necessary for the health and growth of that mammalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s young for certain period after birth. CowÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s milk can be substituted for human milk in feeding babies only if the proportions of water and sugar to other components are increased. Milk is composed largely of water; cowÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s milk, for example, is approximately 87 percent water by volume. The main nutrients, food elements are: proteins, the principal proteins in milk are casein and albumin. They contain all the essential amino acid for building tissues, blood and hormone substances. Casein is found only in milk and gives milk its whiteness. Carbohydrates, the fat of the milk is called butterfat, or milk fat, and is the part of milk from which butter is made. It is an important source of energy and rich in vitamin A. Minerals, milk are one of the best natural sources of calcium and phosphorus. Its other minerals include iron, copper, sodium, potassium, magnesium, sulfur and iodine. Vitamins, milk contains all the known vitamins, but only four-riboflavin, vitamin B2, thiamine, vitamin B1, niacin and vitamin A in significant amounts. Milk is an excellent source of riboflavin; it contains only a little less than does an equal amount, by weight, of lean meat. Microorganisms that Disease-causing organisms present in the cow can be passed on to the milk. Contamination can occur when the milk is obtained, stored, or transported. Milk is pasteurized to kill and prevent growth of microorganisms. Milk products: raw milk is natural, fluid milk. Pasteurized milk is milk that has been heated to 63 degrees.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Primal Leadership Case Essay

The article Primal Leadership centres around emotional intelligence and the authors investigation into how a leaders mood or Ã¢â‚¬Å"emotional styleÃ¢â‚¬ filters through the organisation and can affect the bottom-line results. If a leader is able to recognise this, they can monitor their own moods through self awareness, change them accordingly and act in the ways that will boost others moods which in turn will help the companyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s performance. Studies show that when a leader is in a happy mood then the people surrounding them view things in a more positive light. An upbeat environment fosters mental efficiency Ã¢â‚¬â€œ making people better at staying focussed, retaining information and therefore better at their jobs. Emotional intelligence affects the whole companyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s performance, so it would be easy to assume that a manager with a positive outlook or disposition would raise the companyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s performance. But emotional leadership isnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t just fake or putting on a game face every day, it is necessary to understand the impact you have on other employees as a leader. The more we act a certain way Ã¢â‚¬â€œ for example happy Ã¢â‚¬â€œ the more the behaviour becomes ingrained in our brain circuitry, and the more we will continue to feel and act that way. The key points made in Primal Leadership are covered by the authors in the five step program they recommend to help leaderÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s achieve higher levels of emotional intelligence. This process is based on brain science rather than more traditional forms of coaching, and has been designed to help leaderÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s rewire their brain towards these more emotionally intelligent behaviours. Step 1 Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Ã¢â‚¬Å"Who do I want to be?Ã¢â‚¬ This step asks the leader to picture the kind of leader they aspire to be and what that emotional leadership looks like. Step 2 Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Ã¢â‚¬Å"Who am I now?Ã¢â‚¬ This step is where the leader comes to terms with seeing their leadership style as others do, through receiving feedback from peers, bosses and subordinates. A key issue highlighted for this step is that as a society we tend to avoid talking about a leaderÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s emotional style and its impact in case we are perceived as being Ã¢â‚¬ËœsoftÃ¢â‚¬â„¢. Another key issue is that of resonance. How do leaders know if they have resonance within their organisation? Primal Leadership points out that employees donÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t want to be the messenger for fear of being punished, and can often even feel as if it isnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t their place to confront a leader on this personal topic. So the way that they suggest CEOÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s, managerÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s and/or leaderÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s get the full picture is through feedback from not only subordinates but also peers, bosses and mentors. Step 3 Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Ã¢â‚¬Å"How do I get from here to there?Ã¢â‚¬ The identification of the gap in emotional intelligence for the leader helps decide the action process of getting the leader from who they are now to the leader they aspire to be. Adapting in accordance with regular feedback, the leader can work on their mood and performance therefore affecting all the people they work with in a more positive way. Goleman, Boyatzis and McKee also state that leaderÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s should look at areas outside of work to close the gaps in their emotional intelligence, for example coaching a sports team or volunteering. Step 4 Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Ã¢â‚¬Å"How do I make the changes stick?Ã¢â‚¬ Goleman, Boyatzis and Mc Kee explain that the way to lasting change and a leaderÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s growth in emotional intelligence is rehearsing or even visualising the new behaviour until it becomes automatic or implicitly learnt. Imagining an activity or response in vivid detail can fire up the same brain cells involved in actually doing that activity. Step 5 Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Ã¢â‚¬Å"Who can help me?Ã¢â‚¬ The last step Primal Leadership recommends is the forming of a community of supporters. The authors emphasise how important it is to have these relationships and feedback from people you trust because these supporters are necessary in order to improve your emotional intelligence and help change leadership style. The bottom line in this case for me is emotional leadership is the spark that ignites a companyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s performance, and leaderÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s need to understand how their mood is so influential to a businessÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s success, and therefore a leaderÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s most important task should be emotional leadership. It seems so obvious and full of common sense that advancing their emotional intelligence should be a leadership priority, and yet there are so many toxic work environments out there. Happy, positive moods might filter down from bosses to floor staff, but it will only result in happy people if the sentiments are genuine. In my opinion, leaderÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s need to be aware that an overly enthusiastic, fake happy boss can be just as toxic to a work environment as a grouchy one. It is not often that someone is told how their current personal mood is affecting their job performance or the businessÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s success Ã¢â‚¬â€œ especially in New Zealand, where the culture expects a Ã¢â‚¬Å"toughÃ¢â‚¬ attitude and unfortunately the topic may be considered as Ã¢â‚¬Å"softÃ¢â‚¬ . I know from personal experience how hard it is to give honest feedback to a terrible or intimidating boss, but if all leaderÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s took the time to go through Goleman, Boyatzis and Mc KeeÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s five step program and evaluate/improve themselves as leaders then there would be a lot more happy employees.

Wednesday, October 9, 2019

DD121 TMA03 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

DD121 TMA03 - Essay Example But Darwin also stressed the role of interaction between individuals, and equally important is the effect of the dynamic interactive environment. Ã¢â‚¬Å"Our differences are also a product of our social relations, cultural processes, the kinds of environments we are born into, the environments we live in, our bodies and so on.Ã¢â‚¬ (Hinchcliffe, 2000) So, natural differences exist but complex and interactive processes play a very significant role. IQ tests are designed to measure intelligence and claim to be culture-free. The problem with these tests is that they are designed to Ã¢â‚¬Å"measure problem-solving skills in the abstract rather than in the world of social relations and experienceÃ¢â‚¬ (Hinchcliffe, 2000) i.e. they do not measure social intelligence. Also, the skills required for being successful in IQ tests can be easily practiced but they are a result of education, which is a social experience. Moreover, they are not independent of culture. The criticisms apply specially to verbal tests because they are Ã¢â‚¬Å"totally dependent on Western knowledge which is only available in certain cultures.Ã¢â‚¬ (Hinchcliffe, 2000) This puts children who have not been exposed to the same environment at a distinct disadvantage. Studies on twins for example, who largely share their upbringing in the same socio-cultural environment show that they have similar IQ scores. Albeit a restrictive definition, a market is Ã¢â‚¬Å"a physical place where many buyers and sellers come together to trade goods and services, exchanging them usually for money.Ã¢â‚¬ (Hinchcliffe, 2000) But exchange can take place in many ways e.g. through a catalogue or over the Internet, and the goods exchanged are not necessarily tangible. Thus, there are two economic agents who interact in a social space; rules govern how they interact and Ã¢â‚¬Å"a sale results in the transfer of property rightsÃ¢â‚¬ (Hinchcliffe, 2000), and markets neither

Tuesday, October 8, 2019

First Crusade and the Gregorian Reforms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

First Crusade and the Gregorian Reforms - Essay Example Yet for those interested in the late eleventh century but with limited facility in Latin, access to Urban is difficult, for almost nothing from his councils and correspondence is translated. What have been available are recreations of the famous sermon from the Council of Clermont which sparked the First Crusade, none of which is likely to offer a reliable account of what the pope said (Somerville & Kuttner, 1996, p. 38). Under such vague descriptions, Gregorian Reforms cannot be predicted in the light of Pope Gregory alone. Gregorian Revolution initiated in the eleventh century as 'peace movement' but these reforms had never been encouraged by Gregory VII and the Gregorian revolution. Today through various literatures analysis it has been discovered that Gregorian historiography never supported the first crusaders. It is also evident from the revolution that shows the clash of Gregory VII and Henry IV amalgamated the transformations of this period. It has long been held that the eleventh century was a pivotal era, on account of its social upheaval, its move from a gift to a profit economy, and, most especially perhaps, on account of the enormity of the urban advance. Historians write that it is due to the result of the first crusade that Gregory never favoured, European civilizations along with other small crusader states were created. It was a time which was characterized by a process of definition and distinction in all sectors and aspects of human existence. Kingdom of Jerusalem was created as an ou tcome to the first crusade which Gregory opposed. Gregory VII being a close ally of Matilda of Tuscany while acknowledging a deeper deficiency in the reformers' attempted at defining a new constitution for the Church and Christian society, explicitly articulated an appropriate mechanism by which a new code of behaviour was established. Gregory served to demonstrate and concern the despicable status of Rome and its bishop before reform began in earnest. Rome was already considered blessed in that era where the ultimate source of spiritual power were the tombs of Peter and Paul, the relics of the blessed martyrs: figures who actively worked on behalf of petitioners. Under the guidance of Gregory, the Amalfitan merchants in the eleventh century (1070) built hospitals or perhaps even further back to the establishment by Abbot Probus of a pilgrims' hospice for Latins in AD 603 which monks of St. Mary's ran. Just before the first Crusader rule the Armenian community in Jerusalem had earlier been located in different parts of the city. By the Crusader period it seems that the areas outside the city walls were no longer occupied by them, but they retained their quarter in the south-west of the city. That was the epoch which was papacy dependant as adequate fighting men were supposed to take authorisation by the church. History tells us that Urban II was not the first pope to help the eastern Christians against the Turks (Boas, 2001, p. 39). When Pope Gregory in 1074 showed keen interest in leading the first crusade, he did this by communicating in person with the Michael of Rome and Constantinople. He wrote three letters which did not reveal any response to the Byzantine VII in